ACT: Architectural Carbon Modeling Tool

Abstract

Motivation: Over the past two decades, the world has witnessed a dramatic rise in computing across data centers, mobile, and communication technologies. As of 2015 information computing technology (ICT) accounts for up to 3% of global carbon emissions. Unfortunately, as the demand for computing grows with new applications and platforms so will its energy demand. Many technology companies, including Microsoft, Google, Facebook, and Amazon, have pledged to reduce their carbon footprints over the next decade. Meeting these pledges and enabling sustainable computing requires immediate action from the systems and architecture community.

Background: In addition to its importance, enabling environmentally sustainable computing introduces unique challenges to system and hardware design. First, carbon emissions are shifting from being dominated by operational energy consumption to hardware manufacturing. Traditionally the majority of emissions owe to operational hardware use (i.e., energy consumption). However, given the energy efficiency optimizations and increasing fabrication complexity, the majority of carbon emissions have shifted to hardware manufacturing. Given these new challenges, enabling environmentally sustainable computing demands distinct solutions across the computing stack, hardware life cycles, and end-to-end systems.

This tutorial: A fundamental bottleneck to conducting sustainability aware hardware design space exploration and optimization is the lack of carbon accounting tools. To address this gap, here we propose a tutorial for ACT, the first-of-its-kind architectural carbon modeling tool. ACT enables computer architects to quantify the embodied carbon footprint of hardware during early design space exploration — allowing designers to consider carbon as a first-order optimization target alongside performance, power, and energy. In this tutorial, we aim to provide a holistic overview of the sustainability implications of modern computer systems at the datacenter and mobile scale (motivation for ACT), an overview of the proposed ACT methodology, hands on demonstration for how to use ACT, and hands on demonstration for how to extend ACT in new ways. We believe such a tutorial will build a strong foundation for researchers across computer architecture, circuits and VLSI, and systems, to incorporate carbon analyses in their research.

This tutorial

The second ACT tutorial will be held at MICRO 2024 in Austin, TX and presented by Udit Gupta and Leo Han. Virtual speakers and attendees can join at this Zoom link

Time	Topic	Speaker	Link
1:00 - 1:15pm	Introduction to `ACT`	Udit Gupta (Cornell Tech)	PPTX PDF
1:15 - 1:30pm	Sustainable Computing: Motivation and Challenges	Udit Gupta (Cornell Tech)	PPTX PDF
1:30 - 2:15pm	Overview of `ACT`: An Architectural Carbon Modeling Tool	Udit Gupta (Cornell Tech)	PPTX PDF
2:15 - 2:45pm	Demo: How to use `ACT`	Leo Han (Cornell Tech)	PPTX PDF
2:45 - 3:00pm	Demo: How to extend `ACT`	Leo Han (Cornell Tech)	PPTX PDF
3:00 - 3:30pm	Coffee Break
3:30 - 3:40pm	Invited talks: Designing Cloud Servers for Lower Carbon	Jaylen Wang (Carnegie Melon University)
3:40 - 3:50pm	Invited talks: Extending ACT to evaluate HI and FPGA for Sustainable Computing	Chetan Choppal (Arizona State University)
3:50 - 4:00pm	Invited talks: Carbon-Efficient Optimization for Computing Systems	Mariam Elgamal (Harvard University)
4:00 - 4:10pm	Invited talks: Silicon-Photonics for Sustainable AI	Farbin Fayza (Boston University)
4:10 - 4:20pm	Invited talks: Energy-/Carbon- Aware Evaluation of 3D IC Architectures with DCIM	Hyung Joon Byun (Cornell Tech)
4:30 - 5:00pm	Group discussion
5:00 - 5:05pm	Closing remarks		PPTX PDF

Citation

If you use ACT, please cite us:

@inproceedings{gupta2022act,
  title={ACT: designing sustainable computer systems with an architectural carbon modeling tool},
  author={Gupta, Udit and Elgamal, Mariam and Hills, Gage and Wei, Gu-Yeon and Lee, Hsien-Hsin S and Brooks, David and Wu, Carole-Jean},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the 49th Annual International Symposium on Computer Architecture},
  pages={784--799},
  year={2022}
}

Contact us

For any further questions please contact lxh4@cornell.edu or ugupta@cornell.edu .

About us

	Organizer
	Leo Han (Cornell Tech) is a second-year PhD student at Cornell Tech, advised by Udit Gupta. His research interests are at the intersection of sustainability and computing: both improving the sustainability of computing and using computing for sustainability applications. His current research focuses on providing fair, detailed, and accurate carbon footprint estimates for cloud users.
	Udit Gupta (Cornell Tech) is an Assistant Professor in Electrical and Computer Engineering at Cornell Tech. His research spans across sustainable computing, computer architecture, systems, and machine learning. Generally, he is interested in discovering and demonstrating new ways to design systems and hardware to improve the performance, efficiency, and environmental sustainability of emerging applications.

Organizer

Leo Han (Cornell Tech) is a second-year PhD student at Cornell Tech, advised by Udit Gupta. His research interests are at the intersection of sustainability and computing: both improving the sustainability of computing and using computing for sustainability applications. His current research focuses on providing fair, detailed, and accurate carbon footprint estimates for cloud users.

Udit Gupta (Cornell Tech) is an Assistant Professor in Electrical and Computer Engineering at Cornell Tech. His research spans across sustainable computing, computer architecture, systems, and machine learning. Generally, he is interested in discovering and demonstrating new ways to design systems and hardware to improve the performance, efficiency, and environmental sustainability of emerging applications.